• Investigations into potential criminal offences can be conducted by the Police or enforcement agencies.
  • Examples of such enforcement agencies include the Central Narcotics Bureau (CNB), Commercial Affairs Department (CAD), Corrupt Practices Investigation Bureau (CPIB), Immigration & Checkpoints Authority (ICA)
  • Government Ministries – such as Ministry of Manpower (MOM) – and some Statutory Boards – such as the Land Transport Authority (LTA), Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (IRAS), Central Provident Fund Board (CPF) and Energy Market Authority (EMA) – are also empowered to conduct investigations into potential regulatory offences.

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